O/OREOS | November 20, 2010 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Minotaur IV |
| O3B FM10 | December 18, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM11 | December 18, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM12 | December 18, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM13 | March 9, 2018 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM14 | March 9, 2018 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM15 | March 9, 2018 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM16 | March 9, 2018 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM17 | April 4, 2019 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3b FM18 | April 4, 2019 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM19 | April 4, 2019 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3b FM2 | June 25, 2013 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM20 | April 4, 2019 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3b FM21 | December 16, 2022 | — | Falcon 9 |
| O3b FM22 | December 16, 2022 | — | Falcon 9 |
| O3b FM23 | April 28, 2023 | SES S.A. | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3b FM24 | April 28, 2023 | SES S.A. | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3b FM25 | November 12, 2023 | — | Falcon 9 |
| O3b FM26 | November 12, 2023 | — | — |
| O3b FM27 | December 17, 2024 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3b FM28 | December 17, 2024 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3B FM3 | July 10, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM4 | June 25, 2013 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM5 | June 25, 2013 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM6 | July 10, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM7 | July 10, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM8 | July 10, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3B FM9 | December 18, 2014 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
| O3b mPOWER 10 | July 22, 2025 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3b mPOWER 9 | July 22, 2025 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| O3B PFM | June 25, 2013 | — | Soyuz-2.1b |
OAST Flyer | January 11, 1996 | Goddard Space Flight Center | Space Shuttle |
| Obzor-R 1 | December 25, 2025 | Roscosmos State Corporation | Soyuz-2.1a |
Oceansat-1 | May 26, 1999 | Indian Space Research Organisation | Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle |
| Oceansat-2 | September 23, 2009 | Indian Space Research Organisation | Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-CA |
Oceansat-3 | November 26, 2022 | — | Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-XL |
| OCS | January 27, 2000 | — | Minotaur I |
| ODERACS 2A | February 3, 1995 | — | — |
| ODERACS 2B | February 3, 1995 | — | — |
| ODERACS 2C | February 3, 1995 | — | — |
| ODERACS 2D | February 3, 1995 | — | — |
| ODERACS 2E | February 3, 1995 | — | — |
| Odin | February 20, 2001 | — | Start-1 |
Odin spacecraft | February 26, 2025 | AstroForge | Falcon 9 |
| Ofeq-1 | September 19, 1988 | Israel Space Agency | Shavit |
| Ofeq-10 | April 9, 2014 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-11 | September 13, 2016 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-13 | March 28, 2023 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-16 | July 6, 2020 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-19 | September 2, 2025 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-2 | April 3, 1990 | Israel Space Agency | Shavit |
| Ofeq-3 | April 5, 1995 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-1 |
| Ofeq-4 | January 22, 1998 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-1 |
| Ofeq-5 | May 28, 2002 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-1 |
| Ofeq-6 | September 6, 2004 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-1 |
Ofeq-7 | June 10, 2007 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| Ofeq-9 | June 22, 2010 | Israel Defense Forces | Shavit-2 |
| OGCh-6 | — | — | — |
| OGO 1 | September 5, 1964 | — | Atlas LV-3 Agena-B |
| OGO 2 | October 14, 1965 | — | Thor-Agena D |
| OGO 3 | June 7, 1966 | — | Atlas SLV-3 Agena-B |
| OGO 4 | July 28, 1967 | — | Thor-Agena D |
| OGO 5 | March 4, 1968 | — | Atlas SLV-3A Agena-D |
| OGO 6 | June 5, 1969 | — | Thorad-Agena D |
Ohsumi | February 11, 1970 | — | Lambda 4S |
| Ohzora | February 14, 1984 | Institute of Space and Astronautical Science | M-3S |
| OICETS | August 23, 2005 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | Dnepr |
| Okean O | July 17, 1999 | — | Zenit-2 |
| Okina | September 14, 2007 | — | H-IIA |
| Olymp-K 1 | September 27, 2014 | Federal Security Service | Proton-M |
| Olymp-K 2 | March 12, 2023 | Federal Security Service | Proton-M |
| Olympus-1 | July 12, 1989 | European Space Agency | Ariane 3 |
Omid | February 2, 2009 | Iranian Space Agency | Sapphire-2 |
| Omnispace F2 | June 19, 2001 | — | Atlas II |
OMOTENASHI | November 16, 2022 | — | Space Launch System Block 1 |
| OneWeb-0721 | May 20, 2023 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| OOV-Cube | July 9, 2024 | — | Ariane 62 |
Opportunity | July 8, 2003 | Jet Propulsion Laboratory | Delta II |
OPS 0855 | November 3, 1966 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OPS 3762 | December 21, 1964 | — | Thor-Agena D |
| OPS 6874 | September 16, 1966 | — | Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D |
OPS-SAT | December 18, 2019 | European Space Agency | Soyuz |
OPTOS | November 21, 2013 | Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial Esteban Terradas | Dnepr |
| OPTSAT-3000 | August 2, 2017 | Ministry of Defence of Italy | Vega |
| Optus 10 | September 11, 2014 | — | Ariane 5 ECA |
| Optus 1C | June 11, 2003 | — | Ariane 5G |
| OPTUS B3 | August 27, 1994 | — | Long March 2E |
| Optus B3 perigee kick motor | August 27, 1994 | — | Long March 2E |
| OPTUS D1 | October 13, 2006 | — | Ariane 5 ECA |
| Optus D2 | October 5, 2007 | Optus | Ariane 5GS |
| Optus D3 | August 21, 2009 | Optus | Ariane 5 ECA |
| Optus-X | November 17, 2024 | Optus | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
| OPUSat | February 27, 2014 | Osaka Prefecture University | H-IIA |
| OPUSAT-II | February 20, 2021 | — | Antares |
| Orbcomm CDS-1 | February 9, 1993 | Orbcomm | Pegasus |
| Orbcomm CDS-2 | April 25, 1993 | Orbcomm | Pegasus |
| Orbcomm FM-01 | April 3, 1995 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-H |
| Orbcomm FM-02 | April 3, 1995 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-H |
| Orbcomm FM-03 | February 10, 1998 | Orbcomm | Minotaur-C |
| Orbcomm FM-04 | February 10, 1998 | Orbcomm | Minotaur-C |
| Orbcomm FM-05 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-06 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-07 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-08 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-09 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-10 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-11 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm FM-12 | December 23, 1997 | Orbcomm | Pegasus-XL |
| Orbcomm-OG2 1 | October 8, 2012 | Orbcomm | Falcon 9 v1.0 |
| Orbcomm-X | July 17, 1991 | Orbcomm | Ariane 40 |
| ORBICRAFT-ZORKIY | March 22, 2021 | — | Soyuz-2.1a |
| ORBIS 1 | April 21, 1964 | — | Thor-Able |
| ORBIS CAL I | August 16, 1968 | — | Atlas E/F |
| ORBIS LOW | November 18, 1964 | — | Thor-Agena D |
| Orbital Reflector | December 3, 2018 | — | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory | April 8, 1966 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Atlas SLV-3B Agena-D |
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2 | December 7, 1968 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D |
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 3 | August 21, 1972 | Goddard Space Flight Center | Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D |
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory B | November 30, 1970 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D |
Orbiting Carbon Observatory | February 24, 2009 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Minotaur-C 3110 |
Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 | July 2, 2014 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta II |
Orbiting Frog Otolith | November 9, 1970 | — | Scout B |
| Orbiting Picosat Automatic Launcher | January 27, 2000 | — | Minotaur I |
Orbiting Solar Observatory 7 | September 29, 1971 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta N |
Orbiting Solar Observatory 8 | June 21, 1975 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta 1000 |
| OrbView 1 | April 3, 1995 | GeoEye | Pegasus-H |
OrbView 2 | August 1, 1997 | GeoEye | Pegasus-XL |
| OrbView 3 | June 26, 2003 | GeoEye | Pegasus-XL |
| OrbView 4 | September 21, 2001 | GeoEye | Minotaur-C |
Oreol 1 | December 27, 1971 | — | Kosmos-3M |
| Oreol 2 | December 26, 1973 | — | Kosmos-3M |
Oreol 3 | September 21, 1981 | — | Tsyklon-3 |
OREX | February 3, 1994 | National Space Development Agency | H-II |
ORFEUS-SPAS I | September 12, 1993 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration, German Space Agency | Space Shuttle |
ORFEUS-SPAS II | November 19, 1996 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration, German Space Agency | Space Shuttle |
| OrigamiSat-1 | January 18, 2019 | — | Epsilon |
| OrigamiSat-2 | April 23, 2026 | Tokyo Institute of Technology | Electron |
Orion | April 16, 1972 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Saturn V |
Orion 001 | December 5, 2014 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta IV Heavy |
Orion 002 | November 16, 2022 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Space Launch System Block 1 |
| Orion 3 | May 5, 1999 | Loral Space & Communications | Delta III |
| Orion 6 | January 18, 2009 | National Reconnaissance Office | Delta IV Heavy |
| Orion 7 | November 21, 2010 | National Reconnaissance Office | Delta IV Heavy |
| Orion 9 | June 11, 2016 | National Reconnaissance Office | Delta IV Heavy |
ORS 1 | August 19, 1966 | — | Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D |
ORS-5 | August 26, 2017 | Operationally Responsive Space Office | Minotaur IV |
OSCAR 1 | December 12, 1961 | — | Thor-Agena B |
| OSCAR 13 | June 15, 1988 | — | Ariane 44LP |
| OSCAR 18 | January 22, 1990 | — | Ariane 40 |
| OSCAR 19 | January 22, 1990 | — | Ariane 40 |
OSCAR 2 | June 2, 1962 | — | Thor-Agena B |
| OSCAR 23 | April 26, 1988 | — | Scout G-1 |
OSCAR 3 | March 9, 1965 | — | Thor-Agena D |
OSCAR 4 | December 21, 1965 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OSCAR 8 | March 5, 1978 | — | Delta 2000 |
| OSIRIS-3U | August 14, 2017 | — | Falcon 9 Full Thrust |
OSIRIS-REx | September 8, 2016 | University of Arizona | Atlas V 411 |
OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Capsule | September 8, 2016 | University of Arizona | Atlas V 411 |
| OSL | January 1, 1996 | — | Delta II |
OSO 1 | March 7, 1962 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Thor-Delta |
OSO 2 | February 3, 1965 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta C |
OSO 3 | March 8, 1967 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta C |
OSO 4 | October 18, 1967 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Thor-Delta |
OSO 5 | January 22, 1969 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Thor-Delta |
| OSO 6 | August 9, 1969 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | Delta N |
| OSO-C | August 25, 1965 | — | — |
OSSI-1 | April 19, 2013 | — | Soyuz-2.1a |
OSTM/Jason-2 | June 20, 2008 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, CNES, EUMETSAT | Delta II |
| OTS 1 | September 13, 1977 | European Space Agency | Delta 3000 |
| OTS 2 | May 11, 1978 | European Space Agency | Delta 3000 |
| OUFTI-1 | April 25, 2016 | — | Soyuz-2.1a |
| Ouna | September 14, 2007 | — | H-IIA |
| OV1- 2 | October 5, 1965 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1- 4 | March 30, 1966 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1- 5 | March 30, 1966 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-1 | January 21, 1965 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-10 | December 11, 1966 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-11 | July 27, 1967 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-12 | July 27, 1967 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-13 | April 6, 1968 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-14 | April 6, 1968 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-15 | July 11, 1968 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-17 | March 18, 1969 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-17A | March 18, 1969 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-18 | March 18, 1969 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-19 | March 18, 1969 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-20 | August 7, 1971 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV1-3 | May 28, 1965 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-6 | November 3, 1966 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV1-7 | July 14, 1966 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-86 | July 27, 1967 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
| OV1-9 | December 11, 1966 | — | SM-65D Atlas |
OV2-1 | October 15, 1965 | — | Titan IIIC |
OV2-3 | December 21, 1965 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV2-5 | September 26, 1968 | — | Titan IIIC |
OV3-1 | April 22, 1966 | — | Scout B |
| OV3-2 | October 28, 1966 | — | Scout B |
| OV3-3 | August 4, 1966 | — | Scout B |
OV3-4 | June 10, 1966 | — | Scout B |
| OV3-5 | January 31, 1967 | — | Scout B |
| OV3-6 | December 5, 1967 | — | Scout B |
| OV4-1R | November 3, 1966 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV4-1T | November 3, 1966 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV5-5 | May 23, 1969 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV5-6 | May 23, 1969 | — | Titan IIIC |
| OV5-8 | August 16, 1968 | — | Atlas E/F |
| OV5-9 | May 23, 1969 | — | Titan IIIC |
| Ovzon-3 | January 3, 2024 | Ovzon | Falcon 9 Block 5 |
Ørsted | February 23, 1999 | Terma A/S | Delta II |